Estonia Flag Estonia

People

Population:
1,244,288 (July 2018 est.)
country comparison to the world: 157
Nationality:
noun: Estonian(s)
adjective: Estonian
Ethnic groups:
Estonian 68.7%, Russian 24.8%, Ukrainian 1.7%, Belarusian 1%, Finn 0.6%, other 1.6%, unspecified 1.6% (2011 est.)
Languages:
Estonian (official) 68.5%, Russian 29.6%, Ukrainian 0.6%, other 1.2%, unspecified 0.1% (2011 est.)
Religions:
Lutheran 9.9%, Orthodox 16.2%, other Christian (including Methodist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal) 2.2%, other 0.9%, none 54.1%, unspecified 16.7% (2011 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 16.3% (male 104,024 /female 98,757)
15-24 years: 8.8% (male 56,755 /female 52,711)
25-54 years: 41.07% (male 258,727 /female 252,304)
55-64 years: 13.63% (male 76,895 /female 92,759)
65 years and over: 20.2% (male 85,900 /female 165,456) (2018 est.)
population pyramid:
Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio: 53.7 (2015 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 24.8 (2015 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 28.9 (2015 est.)
potential support ratio: 3.5 (2015 est.)
Median age:
total: 43 years
male: 39.7 years
female: 46.4 years (2018 est.)
country comparison to the world: 23
Population growth rate:
-0.6% (2018 est.)
country comparison to the world: 224
Birth rate:
9.9 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)
country comparison to the world: 193
Death rate:
12.7 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.)
country comparison to the world: 14
Net migration rate:
-3.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 177
Population distribution:
a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations
Urbanization:
urban population: 68.9% of total population (2018)
rate of urbanization: 0.01% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Major urban areas - population:
437,000 TALLINN (capital) (2018)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
15-24 years: 1.08 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
55-64 years: 0.81 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
65 years and over: 0.51 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
total population: 0.88 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth:
26.6 years (2014 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
9 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 151
Infant mortality rate:
total: 3.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)
male: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)
female: 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)
country comparison to the world: 192
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 77 years (2018 est.)
male: 72.3 years (2018 est.)
female: 82 years (2018 est.)
country comparison to the world: 81
Total fertility rate:
1.6 children born/woman (2018 est.)
country comparison to the world: 182
Health expenditures:
6.4% of GDP (2014)
country comparison to the world: 95
Physicians density:
3.43 physicians/1,000 population (2015)
Hospital bed density:
5 beds/1,000 population (2015)
Drinking water source:
improved: urban: 100% of population
rural: 99% of population
total: 99.6% of population
unimproved: urban: 0% of population
rural: 1% of population
total: 0.4% of population (2015 est.)
Sanitation facility access:
improved: urban: 97.5% of population (2015 est.)
rural: 96.6% of population (2015 est.)
total: 97.2% of population (2015 est.)
unimproved: urban: 2.5% of population (2015 est.)
rural: 3.4% of population (2015 est.)
total: 2.8% of population (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.7% (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 53
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
5,700 (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 114
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
<100 (2017 est.)
Major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: intermediate (2016)
vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis (2016)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
21.2% (2016)
country comparison to the world: 92
Education expenditures:
5.5% of GDP (2014)
country comparison to the world: 49
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)
total population: 99.8% (2015 est.)
male: 99.8% (2015 est.)
female: 99.8% (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 16 years (2016)
male: 15 years (2016)
female: 17 years (2016)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
total: 13.4% (2016 est.)
male: 15.8% (2016 est.)
female: 10.6% (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 98